英国教育体系英文版介绍短文

2024-05-18 04:34

1. 英国教育体系英文版介绍短文

  英国的  教育  体系经过几百年的沿革,相当的完善和复杂,这里就有它的英文版介绍。下面我为大家带来英国教育体系英文简介,希望对你有所帮助!
   
      
          英国教育体系英文版    
      The events that lead directly to the birth of the modern system of education in England are to be sought mainly in the second half of the 19th-century.
   
      There were certain individuals at the beginning of the 19th century who were in favour of widespread education,however,for a number of reasons,they did not have the backing either of the government or of the people.Later on in the century leaders of the Chartist Movement and the Radicals were in favour of some sort of national system of education.However,it is safe to say that there was no widespread desire for the education of the population as a whole.In the social legislation of this period education did not become a real priority until the year of the first Education Act,1870.
   
      Obstacles in way of a national system of free compulsory education
   
      The establishment of a national system of education came late in England mainly because of the social,economic and religious climate of the century.
   
      1.The higher classes of society had no interest in advocating the cultural development of the working classes.On the contrary,the effects of the revolutionary spirit in Europe reinforced conservative attitudes that were certainly not conducive to advocating the development of the critical faculties of the people as a whole.
   
      2.Neither did the vast majority of the working class have any real interest in education.Child labour was common practice in this period and working-class families were very reluctant to give up the earnings of their children for the benefit of education.The employment of children continued to increase even after 1850.
   
      3.Also the effect of Protestantism,with its emphasis on individualism,personal salvation,the private reading and interpretation of Scripture,ran contrary to any sort of collectivist thought.
   
      4.Religious conflict also delayed the establishment of a national system of education.One example of this can be seen in the reaction to the clauses regarding education in the 1843 Factory Bill.There was violent opposition on the part of nonconformists and Catholics alike because,according to the Bill,headmasters had to be of the Church of England.Furthermore,the children were to be taught the catechism and be present at liturgical celebrations as well as service on Sundays.The Bill failed.
   
      5.The idea of secular education had never been popular during the century.Education had almost exclusively been under the control of the established church.Furthermore,we should not forget the conflict between secular and religious thought that characterised the century,especially the latter half.Given the cultural and religious climate of the century it became obvious that any nondenominational system of education would be well nigh impossible.It was only in the 20th century,with the rise of indifference towards religious teaching,that general nondenominational schooling became possible.Denominational education was further reinforced by the increase in the Catholic population due to the wave of Irish immigrants during and following the Great Famine in Ireland (1845-50).
   
      6.It was also thought that the voluntary school system was quite successful and that it was better not to encourage government intervention.Furthermore,the dominant laissez-faire theory of the time meant that,as in most areas,any direct intervention on the part of the state in the field of education was to be discouraged.The state was only too happy to leave education to the private sector,voluntary or otherwise.Education could not constitute an exception to the tenaciously upheld doctrine of laissez-faire.However,these voluntary institutions did not have the influence or power to construct a nationwide system.
   
      Economic development and the increase of wealth were seen to be priority issues.The question of education only attracted very limited attention.
   
      Tendencies and events favouring national education
   
      Not everything was negative; there were quite distinct undercurrents of thought beginning to emerge that eventually led to the 1870 Education Act.During the century,and particularly during the second half,we have the beginnings of a national system of education that owes its birth to many factors.
   
      1.From the first decade of the 19th-century there emerged indications of new thinking in the field of education.Of particular interest is the Bill introduced into the House of commons by Samuel Whitbread in 1807.
   
      2.In 1807 Samuel Whitbread proposed to deal with the whole of the Poor Law with the introduction of a Bill in the House of Commons.Of particular interest is the first part of the Bill,which dealt specifically with education.Whitbread advocated making the parish responsible for education and proposed that each child should have two years of education between the ages of 7 and 14.He thought this would reduce crime and pauperism.
   
      3.It was considered too expensive to implement and it was also thought that the introduction of such a scheme would take the people away from manual work and make them dissatisfied with their social situation.Although unsuccessful the thought of generalised education for the masses was even then being expressed and was later to be reiterated constantly throughout the century eventually leading up to the 1870 Education Act.
   
      4.The idea of widespread education was also helped by the gradual increase in collectivist thought especially after 1865.This is quite evident in the works of Carlyle and Ruskin.It was only after this date that any idea of widespread state intervention in the field of education could find fertile ground.
   
      5.The various Factory Acts of 1833,1844,and 1867 were another contributory factor towards the general tendency towards national education.These acts focused not only on the condition of workers but they also had the effect of imposing certain restrictions on child labour,which in turn favoured the opportunity of an alternative:education for the child.
   
      6.In the second half of the 19th-century crime and pauperism increased,so did riots strikes and social unrest.The commercial and manufacturing supremacy of Britain was in decline and this was seen to be mostly due to the fact that other European countries had a more developed technical education system.Political stability and economic prosperity now seemed to be associated with the education of the people.Education now seemed financially viable.
   
      7.In 1869 two other societies were established:the Education League,which turned secular and the National Education Union,which was conservative and Anglican.It was mainly due to these two societies that the Education Act of 1870 was passed.
   
      The Education Act of 1870
   
      It was with the Education Act of 1870,also known as the "Forster Act",that we have the real birth of the modern system of education in England.This not only gave rise to a national system of state education but also assured the existence of a dual system - voluntary denominational schools and nondenominational state schools.
   
      The act required the establishment of elementary schools nationwide.These were not to replace or duplicate what already existed but supplement those already run by the churches,private individuals and guilds.
   
      The country was divided into school districts and in those areas where there was inadequate provision school boards were to be elected.These were responsible for raising sufficient funds to maintain the schools.The schools were often called " board schools".
   
      These elementary schools had to be non-denominational.The school boards could charge a weekly fee not exceeding 9 pence.For a limited period the school boards could pay the fees if the parents were unable to do so.The Voluntary Schools could also receive such payment of fees from the school boards.
   
      They had to guarantee attendance for all children in their respective districts between the ages of 5 and 13.The School Board could appoint officers to enforce attendance.These officers or "Board Men",as they were commonly known,became one of those terribly menacing figures firmly implanted in the minds of young schoolboys.This figure was an effective deterrent in playing truant.All the more menacing because the child could only picture him in his imagination (if he faithfully attended school,that is!).He was also known as the School Attendance Officer.
   
      Religious instruction was an integral part of the school curriculum but was not compulsory.This was to be nondenominational.
   
      Since 1870 Voluntary Schools declined except Roman Catholic Schools because Boards Schools provided better buildings and higher pay for teachers.
   
      Elementary education became effectively free with the passing of the 1891 Education Act.
          英国教育体系介绍    
      英国教育体系总体来说分为三个阶段: 义务教育(Compulsory Education),延续教育(Further Education)和高等教育(Higher Education)。
   
      一、义务教育 (Compulsory Education)
   
      英国的学生从四岁开始接受义务教育,享受全免费的国家福利,学校甚至还提供免费的午餐,所有的家长必须把自己的孩子送到学校读书。小学教育一般持续到11岁,然后进入中学。英国的中学不分初中高中,从中一(Form 1)到中五(Form 5)共五年的时间。
   
      二、延续教育(Further Education)
   
      延续教育是英国教育体系中最有特色也最精彩的部分,它是继小学(Primary)中学(Secondary)教育之后的“第三级教育”(Tertiary)。为进入高等教育或者就业打下基础。也是中国的高中学生  留学  英国的关键阶段。一般来说接受延续教育的学生介于16和18岁之间。它分为两种体系:学业路线(Academic Route)和职业路线(Vocational Route)。学业路线着重于培养学术研究方面的人才,职业路线则结合社会各层面的职业需要,培养在各种行业中具有专门技能和知识的人才。这两种体系在英国受到同等的重视。
   
      三、高等教育(Higher Education)
   
      顾名思义,高等教育是英国教育体系中的高级阶段,它包括:
   
      本科(Bachelor Degree)
   
      研究生(Master Degree)
   
      博士生(Doctorial Degree)
   
      高级国家文凭(HND-Higher National Diploma)。

英国教育体系英文版介绍短文

2. 英国教育体系的介绍

英国是一个有悠久教育传统的国家。它的教育体系经过几百年的沿革,相当的完善和复杂,且具有非常大的灵活性。总体来说分为三个阶段: 义务教育(Compulsory Education),延续教育(Further Education)和高等教育(Higher Education)。中英教育制度的差别使得两国的学生在年龄和学业程度上无法一一对应,因此中国的学生在考虑赴英留学的时候,必须要充分了解两种教育制度的区别,准确判定自己目前的受教育水平处于英国教育体系的哪一个位置。才能根据自己的特点选择适当的课程和安排合理的学习计划。

3. 英国教育的介绍

英国的教育旨在帮助学生尽量发展个人才能,并将这些才能加以培训,进而贡献社会。英国的教育体制也根据地区的不同有所区别,英格兰、苏格兰和北爱尔兰实行5~16岁的义务教育,威尔士实行4~16岁的义务教育。

英国教育的介绍

4. 通过英国教育体系我们学到了什么

英国的学生从五岁开始接受义务教育,享受全免费的国家福利,学校甚至还提供免费的午餐,所有的家长必须把自己的孩子送到学校读书。小学教育一般持续到6岁,然后进入中学。英国的中学不分初中高中,从中一(Form 1)到中2(Form 2)共2年的时间。英国政府方面为了提高学生们的饭菜质量,决定将烹饪课程从2015年起增加到4岁至5岁儿童的必修课程中。以达到从小控制学生的饮食进而控制英国的肥胖率。 (GCSE)普通中学证书(GCSE-General Certificate of Secondary Education)是指完成中学教育最后两年(中3、中4)后取得的文凭。学习GCSE课程的中国留学生较少,只适合6-7岁以下的少年学生选读。中国则15-16岁。 Grade A* 杰出(A good result of exceptional quality) Grade A 进入延续教育和高等教育所需要的较佳成绩 (The higher grades needed for further and higher education) Grade B Grade C Grade D 达到平均水平,是进一步发展的良好基础成绩 (Regarded as average grades-a good base from which to grow) Grade E Grade F 成绩较低,总算有用。 (The lower, but still useful, grades of achievement) Grade G Ungraded 没有评分(Unfortunately, no score)

5. 你知道英国的教育体系是怎么样的吗?又有哪些主要部分?

(一)学前教育与中小学教育
学前教育主要涉及3-4岁儿童:3岁上托儿所(Nursery),4岁上学前班(Reception)。5至16岁为义务教育,共分四个主要阶段:第一阶段(即KS1)5至7岁;第二阶段 (KS2)7至11岁;第三阶段 (KS3)11至14岁;第四阶段 (KS4)14至16岁。英国的孩子在5-16岁之间享有免费教育的权利, 这一阶段教育学校主要分为公立学校(State School)和私立学校(Private School)。

(二)继续教育
继续教育是指义务教育阶段(即16周岁)以后的教育。实施继续教育的机构包括:中等学校和第六级学院(Sixth Form College)、继续教育学院、农学和园艺学院、艺术和设计学院、其它专业学院如海洋学院等。
(三)高等教育
英国拥有世界上最古老的高等学府。牛津和剑桥大学分别创立于12和13世纪,为英国乃至世界培养出许多杰出科学家和政治家。精英大学联盟罗素集团(The Russell Group )素有“英国常春藤联盟”的美誉,其成员包括剑桥大学,牛津大学,帝国理工学院等24所英国名校。目前,英国高等教育主要由大学、高等教育学院及部分继续教育学院组织实施。

英国高等教育学历学位的层级按地区分为两个体系。英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰高等教育学历体系 第6级为普通学士学位、荣誉学士学位及相当水平的学历学位资格;第7级为硕士学位及相当水平的学历学位资格;第8级为博士学位及相当水平的 学历学位资格。
苏格兰学分和学历体系第9级为普通学士学位及相当水平的学历学位资格,第10级为荣誉学士学位及相当水平的学历学位资格,第11和12级分别为硕士和博士学位及相当水平的学历学位资格。英国学位制度分两级:本科学位和研究生阶段学位。本科阶段主要是第一学位,即学士学位学习,学制一般为3年(苏格兰4年,建筑、医学4至5年)。硕士学位为过渡学位,一般学制1年。博士学位学制3年以上。目前全英有约43%的18岁以上的成年人可进入高等院校学习(苏格兰的这一比例稍高些,达50%)。

在高等教育科研领域,英国在人口仅占世界0.9%的情况下科研经费占全球3.2%, 科研人员的数量占全球科研人数的4.1%,发表论文的数量占全球6.4%而论文的引用率为11.6%。

你知道英国的教育体系是怎么样的吗?又有哪些主要部分?

6. 英国教育体系详细资料大全

 英国是一个有悠久教育传统的国家。它的教育体系经过几百年的沿革,相当的完善和复杂,且具有非常大的灵活性。总体来说分为三个阶段: 义务教育(Compulsory Education),延续教育(Further Education)和高等教育(Higher Education)。中英教育制度的差别使得两国的学生在年龄和学业程度上无法一一对应,因此中国的学生在考虑赴英留学的时候,必须要充分了解两种教育制度的区别,准确判定自己目前的受教育水平处于英国教育体系的哪一个位置。才能根据自己的特点选择适当的课程和安排合理的学习计画。
  基本介绍    中文名 :英国教育体系   所属地区 :英国   分类 :五个阶段   类别 :教育   第一阶段,第二阶段,第三阶段,第四阶段,第五阶段,义务教育,中学教育,评分方法,延续教育,学业路线,A-Level,专业原则,擅长原则,职业路线,选科,评分标准,高等教育,高级文凭,大学本科,研究生课程,大学联校,  第一阶段  3岁到5岁的幼稚园教育  第二阶段  5-11岁的国小教育  第三阶段  11岁-16岁的中学教育 5岁-16岁为法律规定的强制教育阶段。适龄儿童必须入学,由国家负责必须的学费、书籍和必要的供应。  第四阶段  16岁-18岁是中学高级班或大学预备班,为中学至大学的过渡期,也称继续教育阶段,主要是学术方向和职业方向学习。 完成预科的学生主要参加普通教育高级考试(general certificate of education,advanced level,简称GCE-A level),而职业技校的学生除了要参加GCE-A level考试外,还要参加普通国家职业资格考试(General National Vocational Qualification,简称GNVQ)。  第五阶段  大学教育。 一般从18岁开始,读本科需要3年-4年(医科为5年),可取得学士学位。硕士通常为1年-2年,博士为3年-5年。  义务教育  英国的学生从五岁开始接受义务教育,享受全免费的国家福利,学校甚至还提供免费的午餐,所有的家长必须把自己的孩子送到学校读书。国小教育一般持续到11岁,然后进入中学。英国的中学不分国中高中,从中一(Form 1)到中2(Form 2)共2年的时间。英国 *** 方面为了提高学生们的饭菜质量,决定将烹饪课程从2015年起增加到4岁至5岁儿童的必修课程中。以达到从小控制学生的饮食进而控制英国的肥胖率。  中学教育  普通中学证书(GCSE-General Certificate of Secondary Education)是指完成中学教育最后两年(中3、中4)后取得的文凭。学习GCSE课程的中国留学生较少,只适合16岁以下的少年学生选读。中国则15-16岁。  英国义务教育  评分方法  Grade A* 杰出(A good result of exceptional quality) Grade A 进入延续教育和高等教育所需要的较佳成绩(The higher grades needed for further and higher education)  私立高中  Grade B Grade C Grade D 达到平均水平,是进一步发展的良好基础成绩(Regarded as average grades-a good base from which to grow) Grade E Grade F 成绩较低,总算有用(The lower, but still useful, grades of achievement) Grade G Ungraded 没有评分(Unfortunately, no score)  延续教育  延续教育是英国教育体系中最有特色也最精彩的部分,它是继国小(Primary)中学(Secondary)教育之后的“第三级教育”(Tertiary)。为进入高等教育或者就业打下基础。也是中国的高中学生留学英国的关键阶段。一般来说接受延续教育的学生介于8和9年级之间。【除非不上普通中学】它分为两种体系:学业路线(Academic Route)和职业路线(Vocational Route)。学业路线着重于培养学术研究方面的人才,职业路线则结合社会各层面的职业需要,培养在各种行业中具有专门技能和知识的人才。这两种体系在英国受到同等的重视。  英国大学  学业路线  A-Level  A-Level的全称是“普通教育高级证书”(General Certificate of Education Advanced Level),是学业路线的重要阶段,它总共有100多个科目,学制一般为两年,专业分科极为细致。虽然读此类课程的学生年龄在15-18之间,但也决不能认为等同于我们中国学生在高中学习的课程。我们倾向于把A-Level看作大学的基础课,相当于中国大学本科课程的首两年。A-Level的选科对学生来说非常重要,一般按照两个原则(专业目标原则、擅长原则)来选科。每个学生必须从这些课程中选读三门科目,但根据当前英国教育部最新的改革方案,每个学生在第一年的科目要增加到四门,目的是使学生的知识范围更加广泛。具体规定尚待公布。  专业原则  A-Level的三门(或四门)科目应围绕学生自己在大学本科中希望学习的专业和将来的职业目标来选择。虽然大学在录取学生的时候大部分专业都没有严格要求一定要选修了相对应的A-Level科目,但对于英文程度有限而且没有经过系统的专业学习的中国学生来说,还是应该在A-Level中选择一门与将来大学专业有关的科目。 例: 假设你希望将来从事计算机方面的工作,则可以考虑选择以下科目: 计算机科学(Computer Science) 数学(Mathematics) 物理学(Physics)  设计专业  商学(Business Studies) 或者: 数学(Mathematics) 信息技术(Information Technology) 物理学(Physics) 化学(Chemistry)  擅长原则  A-Level的成绩也决定了学生将来能够进入怎样的大学,因此一定要选择一两门自己擅长的科目。 历史、地理、法律、商学、经济学、心理学、社会学等文科类课程要求做大量的读和写,对语言的要求较高,加上中国中学文史类课程与英国的差别非常大,因此此类课程对中国学生来说是比较难取得好成绩的。数学、物理、化学等理科类课程是中国学生的专长,在这些课程上中国高中毕业生的程度已经相当于A-Level第一年的程度。因此只要解决了语言问题,基本上不会遇到非常困难的境况。所以,数学几乎成为每一个中国学生必选的课程。  英国大学  关于AS-Level的特别说明:AS-Level(Advanced Subsidiary Level)是A-Level课程的一个特别组成部分。一门AS-Level科目在内容和分量上相当与一门A-Level科目的一半,深度和难度上与A-Level相当。两门AS-Level科目的成绩相当于一门A-Level科目的成绩。2000年9月开始,A-Level和AS-Level科目将有较大变化,我们将及时向大家详细介绍。据悉,调整后的AS-Level科目在深度和难度上相当于A-Level的前半部分,这样调整降低了AS-Level科目的难度,A-Level课程的学生第一年都将从AS-Level科目开始学习,所以学生必须选修四门以上不同的AS-Level科目,而在第二年再确定只选三门A-Level科目。  A-Level和AS-Level  Grade A-Level AS A 10 5 B 8 4 C 6 3 D 4 2 E 2 1 虽然在A-Level的两年中唯读三、四门课,但也千万不要以为比在中国读书轻松得多,语言是留学生最大的障碍。据估计,读A-Level需要大约六千以上的单词量,而普通的中国高中毕业生,如果没有课外补习和额外的学习,大约掌握三到四千的英文单词。如果每天掌握四十个单词,需要坚持一年时间才能基本达到学习A-Level的程度。当然也有十分优秀的高中生直接进入A-Level,甚至HND课程,取得良好成绩的。  职业路线  英国的职业教育可谓丰富多彩,从美容师到平面美术设计师、从婴儿护理到飞机维修师应有尽有。如果你的动手能力很强,或者在某些方面有特殊专长(如美术、计算机操作等),你就可以选择走职业教育的道路。英国的职业教育与学业路线有一定的对应性,学生可以根据自己的学业情况选择进入学业路线的不同阶段。这种方式给学生提供了更多的选择机会,使不同类型的学生能够充分发挥自己的优势和潜能。职业文凭  服装专业  GNVQ-General National Vocational Qualification是一种广泛的职业教育课程,与学业路线中的GCSE和A-Level相平行,但在学业深度和难度上并不亚于这类课程。它的学习的方式灵活多样,学生可以根据自己的需要和兴趣爱好安排课程,选择学分制或模组式的学习方式,甚至可以在学习的过程中穿插工作,在学习和工作同时进行的过程中最终选择自己最喜欢的事业。  选科  GNVQ的选科比较简单,每门课程就是一个专业,不像A-Level那样需要选三个科目。虽然它出现得比较晚,但普及的速度非常快,迄今为止已经有大约一半的英国学生选择GNVQ做为接受延续教育的方式。因此这也是中国中学生到英国留学可以选择的一条路线。GNVQ分为三个等级: 初级(Foundation) 中级(Intermidiate)相当于四门GCSE(中学2年级)的程度,一般需要一年时间完成。 高级(Advanced) 相当于两门A-Level的程度,一般需要两年时间完成。学生还可以选择加修一门A-Level科目,以达到相当于三个A-Level科目的程度。完成这个级别的学习后,学生可以有资格进入大学本科学习,三年后取得学士学位。  评分标准  GNVQ和A-Level课程评分没有严格的对应关系,下表是两种标准的比较: GNVQ评分 相当于A-Level评分标准 Distinction 优秀 A/B Merit 良好 C Pass 及格 D/E 当前英国教育部门正在推行一系列的改革措施,其中包括将GNVQ和A-Level的评分标准统一起来,这样更有利于学生进入高等教育阶段以获得学士或更高的学位。  高等教育  顾名思义,高等教育是英国教育体系中的高级阶段,它包括: 本科(Bachelor Degree) 研究生(Master Degree) 博士生(Doctoral Degree) 高级国家文凭(HND-Higher National Diploma)。 高等教育通常都是由大学(University)提供,但许多学院(College)也提供Bachelor和HND课程。  高级文凭  HND-Higher National Diploma也是一种非常有用的文凭。它是职业教育体系中的最高阶段,学制一般为两年。HND理论上相当于中国的大专文凭,但其实等级要高于大专文凭。相比Bachelor Degree,它是为了更多进行工作前的培训而设立的,分类更细,专业性更强。进入HND要求已经完成A-Level或者GNVQ-Advanced的课程,中国的高中学生如果在某些方面(比如计算机)有特殊专长并且表现出相当好的语言能力的话,也有可能直接进入HND,但读起来会相当辛苦。 HND毕业后,如果取得比较好的成绩,可以选择直接进入本科第三年的课程,通常是本校或联校的相应专业。也就是说,再加一年就可以取得学士学位。但英国最好的大学一般不接受此类学生。  大学本科  英国本科学士学位学制一般三年,但有些大学的某些特殊专业要求读四年或以上,如医科。在英国人眼里,医科和法律专业是最难考取也是最难读的专业(这两种学科的共同点是“人命关天”)。 进入英国大学本科的路线有多条,最常见的是凭著三门A-Level的成绩进入本科。如果你已经取得GNVQAdvanced文凭,那么也有资格报读绝大多数大学的本科课程。但英国最好的大学如Oxford、Cambridge和LSE一般只凭GNVQ成绩是进不去的,在A-Level中取得优异成绩的学生也只有少数才能通过面试被录取。中国的大学在校本科生或已经取得大专文凭的学生可以通过一种特别设计的衔接课程(AessTo Higher Education Programme或Higher Education Foundation Course)来达到进入英国大学本科学士学位课程的水平。这种课程在英国院校中有很多种,称谓也不同,但内容近似。 本科生毕业后取得学士学位(Bachelor Degree),英国的学士学位有很多种,以下是常见的几种类型: 文学士(BA-Bachelor of Art) 理学士(BSc-Bachelor ofScience)  英国大学  工程学士(BEng-Bachelor ofEngineering) 法学士(LLB) 一般来说“ART”指的是语言、文学和艺术类专业,“SCIENCE”指的是自然科学和社会科学等学术研究类专业,而“Engineering”指的是与制造、建筑、环境保护等实用技术有关的专业。在英国,文、理的概念和我们不尽相同,比如中国大学把金融、财会等学科划分到文科类别里,而著名的伦敦政治经济学院(LSE)则把这些学科归为理科。把财会当作科学来研究,英国人治学之严谨由此亦可见一斑。 在学士学位中还有一种“荣誉学士学位”(Honours),这是一种比普通学士学位更高一等的学位。大多数大学的荣誉学位只要求读三年,只是在深度和难度上略高于普通学士学位。而有些大学的某些专业规定读三年取得学士学位,再加一年取得荣誉学位。  研究生课程  英国的研究生课程只需要一年时间,这与中国和美国都不同。在这一年里学生主要是写论文和做课题研究,课堂教学较少,因此其他国家的留学生如果没有在英国经过一段时间的学习或语言不过关,是很难完成这一年课程的。有一些学院为此专门设计了一种研究生预备课程(Pre-masterProgramme),以帮助留学生能够顺利进入研究生课程并成功取得学位。 进入研究生课程的要求是已经取得学士学位,如果有一段时间的相关工作经验也非常有帮助。 研究生毕业后取得硕士学位(Master Degree),硕士学位也有与学士学位对应的几类,此处不再冗述。  大学联校  英国的一些学院和大学建立了一种称为“联校”(Associated College/University)的关系,类似于中国许多大学设有附属中学的情况。联校一般在地理位置上比较接近,通常位于同一个城市。建立联校的目的是在教学设施和课程安排上互相补充,各施所长。 比如位于英格兰中部的University of Bradford和Bradford College就是一种非常密切的联校关系。学生可以在Bradford College里修读本科甚至研究生的课程,而毕业后的文凭由University of Bradford颁发。这样避免了在教学设备方面的重复投资和充分利用了师资力量。又例,如果学生被University of Wales的工商管理硕士专业(MBA)录取,可以先在它的联校Lewes College特设的Pre-master课程中修读一年,以在语言、专业知识、学习技能上达到进入研究生课程的水平。这是想到英国攻读MBA学位的中国学生的一种不错的选择。 
   

7. 英文翻译:英国的教育制度以让学生全面发展为目标,吸引着全世界的求学者

The British education system,which aims at students' overall development,attracts students around the world.

英文翻译:英国的教育制度以让学生全面发展为目标,吸引着全世界的求学者